Onder dit bericht staat de link naar de volledige studie CMAJ
Metformine: verhoogde kans op lage TSH-spiegel
23-09-2014
Patiënten met hypothyreoïdie die metformine gebruiken hebben 55% meer risico op lage thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-spiegels dan mensen met deze aandoening die een sulfonylureumderivaat gebruiken.
Dat blijkt uit een studie gepubliceerd in het Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ).
Eerder onderzoek toonde al dat metformine TSH-spiegels kan verlagen.
Dat bracht onderzoekers, onder leiding van dr. Laurent Axoulay van de McGill University in Montréal (Canada), ertoe om dit verband nader te onderzoeken.
Ze evalueerden over een periode van 25 jaar data van 74.300 patiënten met diabetes type 2 die metforminemonotherapie of monotherapie met een sulfonylureumderivaat kregen.
Van de studiedeelnemers kregen er 5689 behandeling voor hypothyreoïdie, terwijl 59.937 een normale schildklierfunctie hadden.
In de eerste groep hadden jaarlijks 495 een lage TSH-waarde (<0,4 mIU/l), in de andere groep waren dat er 322, respectievelijk kwam dat overeen met 119,7 en 4,5 per 1000 persoonsjaren.
Metformine gaf in vergelijking met een sulfonylureumderivaat 55% meer risico op een lage TSH-spiegel bij mensen die behandeling kregen voor hypothyreoïdie.
De incident rate was respectievelijk 125,2 en 79,5 op 1000 persoonsjaren (gecorrigeerde hazard ratio (HR) 1,55, BI95 1,09-2,20).
Het risico op een lage TSH-spiegel was het hoogst 90 tot 180 dagen na start van de behandeling (2,30, 1,00-5,29).
Volgens de onderzoekers lijkt het erop metformine dit effect niet heeft bij mensen met een normale schildklierfunctie.
Normaalgesproken is bij hypothyreoïdie de TSH-spiegel verhoogd;
doordat de schildklier minder hormonen produceert, gaat de hypofyse meer TSH afscheiden [CMAJ, epub 22 september 2014].
Bron: Pharmaceutisch Weekblad
http://www.pw.nl/nieuws/nieuwsberichten ... sh-spiegel
Volledig artikel CMAJ:
Metformin and low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Abstract:
Small cross-sectional studies have suggested that metformin, a first-line oral hypoglycemic agent, may lower thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH) levels.
Our objective was to determine whether the use of metformin monotherapy, when compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy, is associated with an increased risk of low TSH levels (< 0.4 mIU/L) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods:
Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we identified patients who began receiving metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy
between Jan. 1, 1988, and Dec. 31, 2012.
We assembled 2 subcohorts of patients with treated hypothyroidism or euthyroidism, and followed them until Mar. 31, 2013.
We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the association of low TSH levels with metformin monotherapy, compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy, in each subcohort.
Results:
A total of 5689 patients with treated hypothyroidism and 59 937 euthyroid patients were included in the subcohorts.
Among patients with treated hypothyroidism, 495 events of low TSH levels were observed during follow-up (incidence rate 119.7/1000 personyears).
In the euthyroid group, 322 events of low TSH levels were observed (incidence rate 4.5/1000 person-years).
Compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy, metformin monotherapy was associated with a 55% increased risk of low TSH levels in patients with treated hypothyroidism (incidence rate 79.5/1000 person-years v. 125.2/1000 person-years, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–2.20), with the highest risk in the 90–180 days after initiation (adjusted HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.00–5.29).
No association was observed in euthyroid patients (adjusted HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.69–1.36).
Interpretation:
In this longitudinal populationbased study, metformin use was associated with an increased incidence of low TSH levels in patients with treated hypothyroidism, but not in euthyroid patients.
The clinical consequences of this need further investigation.
Figure 1:
Inclusion of patients in the study. CPRD = Clinical Practice Research Datalink, TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone
Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of patients with treated hypothyroidism or euthyroidism and type 2 diabetes who started antidiabetic treatment
with either metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy
Table 2:
Crude and adjusted hazard ratios for low thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (< 0.4 mIU/L) associated with the use of metformin monotherapy, compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy, among 5689 patients with treated hypothyroidism and type 2 diabetes
Table 3:
Crude and adjusted hazard ratios for low thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (< 0.4 mIU/L) associated with the use of metformin monotherapy, compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy, among 59 937 euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes
Table 4:
Crude and adjusted hazard ratios for suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (< 0.1 mIU/L) associated with the use metformin monotherapy, compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy, in patients with treated hypothyroidism or euthyroidism and type 2 diabetes
Conclusion
The results of this longitudinal study confirmed that the use of metformin was associated with an increased risk of low TSH levels in patients with treated hypothyroidism, with the highest risk observed in the first 180 days after treatment initiation.
Metformin appeared to have no effect on TSH levels in euthyroid patients.
Given the relatively high incidence of low TSH levels in patients taking metformin, it is imperative that future studies assess the clinical consequences of this effect.
Volledig artikel:
http://www.cmaj.ca/content/early/2014/0 ... 1.full.pdf
